Armée Chinoise / People's Liberation Army (PLA)

Rappel du premier message :

FY-4A : le 20ème lancement spatial chinois de l'année

Armée Chinoise / People's Liberation Army (PLA) - Page 39 2016-12-11-FY-4A-le-20%C3%A8me-lancement-spatial-chinois-de-lann%C3%A9e-06

Armée Chinoise / People's Liberation Army (PLA) - Page 39 2016-12-11-FY-4A-le-20%C3%A8me-lancement-spatial-chinois-de-lann%C3%A9e-06

Citation :: Le 11 Décembre 2016, la Chine a effectué son 20ème lancement spatial en 2016, en mettant le satellite FY-4A en orbite de transfert géostationnaire. Un nouveau record de lancements pour le secteur aérospatial chinois en plein essor. Explications.

Read more : http://www.eastpendulum.com/fy-4a-20eme-lancement-spatial-chinois-2016

Henri K.

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Type 093B Submarine

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PLARF large mobile radar antenna for tracking high-speed objects

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Z-20

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PCL171

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https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/variant-of-z-20-helicopter-may-be-under-development-for-plan-marine-corps a écrit:: Variant of Z-20 helicopter may be under development for PLAN Marine Corps

An image has emerged on Chinese social media platforms suggesting that a variant of the naval Harbin Z-20 helicopter may be under development for use by the People’s Liberation Army Navy Marine Corps (PLANMC).

The image emerged around 12 January and shows the aircraft in flight carrying anti-tank guided weapons (ATGWs). These appear to be KD-10 missiles, which are not known to have an anti-ship role. The YJ-9 is the anti-ship missile used by the Z-9 helicopter currently in naval service, which is an active radar guided weapon for use against small ships and fast attack craft.

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Armée Chinoise / People's Liberation Army (PLA) - Page 39 Screen16

L'armée chinoise commande le nouveau véhicule tout-terrain Jonyang JY813 pour le soutien logistique à haute altitude

L'Armée populaire de libération de la Chine (APL) a récemment reçu la livraison de son nouveau véhicule tout-terrain Jonyang JY813 pour des missions de soutien logistique dans les régions de plateau à des altitudes supérieures à 5000 mètres, rapporte Global Times.

L’Armée de libération du peuple chinois commande son nouveau véhicule tout-terrain Jonyang JY813 pour le soutien logistique à haute altitude (Source de la photo: capture d’écran de la télévision centrale de Chine)

Le Jonyang JY813 a été développé en Chine par GJK, une filiale chinoise de Singapore Technologies Kinetics. À l'origine, il a été développé comme véhicule utilitaire, mais a été rapidement adapté pour répondre aux besoins militaires. Commandé avec les troupes de transport du plateau, le Jonyang JY813 peut résoudre efficacement le problème des difficultés de livraison des marchandises aux troupes stationnées dans les régions du plateau, a rapporté la télévision centrale de Chine (CCTV) le 16 janvier. Le Jonyang JY813 peut franchir des pentes de 35 degrés, selon le rapport m'a dit.

https://www.armyrecognition.com/defense_news_january_2021_global_security_army_industry/chinese_army_commissions_jonyang_jy813_new_all-terrain_vehicle_for_high-altitude_logistics_support.html

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Le vrai soldat ne se bat pas parce qu'il déteste ce qui est devant lui, mais parce qu'il aime ce qui est derrière lui...

The EurAsian Times a écrit:: Chinese Navy’s J-15 Fighter Jets ‘Combat Training’ Off Airfield Raises Serious Questions Over PLAN’s Capabilities

The Chinese PLA Navy’s Shenyang J-15, also known as ‘Flying Shark’, recently conducted multiple real combat-oriented training sessions in harsh conditions. In spite of being a navy aircraft, the exercises for the fighter jets were not based on an aircraft carrier but an airfield.
Experts have always raised questions over the performance of the Chinese navy’s Shenyang J-15 fighters due to the limitations of current aircraft carriers. The limited runway size of the Shandong and Liaoning doesn’t allow the fighters to carry more weapons and fuel, critics have pointed out.

However, as per the assessment of China’s military capabilities by the Pentagon, China has the world’s largest navy, which continues to grow. China realizes the shortfalls in its military capabilities and is now building a new aircraft carrier that will allow J-15 to achieve its full potential.

What Chinese Experts Say

Chinese experts speak highly of the twin-engine air superiority fighter. Produced by Shenyang Aircraft Corporation, J-15 is based on an incomplete prototype of the Russian Sukhoi Su-33 carrier-based air-superiority fighter, acquired from Ukraine.

The Global Times has reported that the aircraft has recently “conducted a series of free air combat drills in temperatures below -20 C, proving the warplane’s strong environmental adaptability.”

In the confrontational exercises in the Bohai Sea, the fighter jets completed a series of tactical moves including fake attack, breakaway, intercept, lock-on and attack, successfully shooting down aircraft, the report said.

The Chinese military experts emphasize that the exercises showed that J-15 can undertake challenges in harsh weather conditions. Being navy aircraft, they must adapt to different environments while being aboard the aircraft carrier.

But the GT report also mentions that the exercises were based around an airfield instead of an aircraft carrier. Considering the criticism around the J-15 and navy’s aircraft carriers, the latest exercises do not highlight the PLA navy’s prowess but its drawback.

Yuan Wei, deputy chief of staff of the unit, told the GT: “The PLA can now harness aircraft carriers and the fighter jets they carry. Once needed, our carriers can set out immediately to safeguard China’s maritime security.”

What Critics Say?
There are 20 to 30 Flying Shark fighter jets onboard China’s Soviet-style carriers. Experts have said that J-15 is capable but it is likely to get slaughtered in a head-to-head confrontation with a F/A-18. Among its disadvantages is the underpowered engine.

Being a heavier aircraft, it should be able to carry more weapons and fuel, and it can fly higher and faster, which is an important factor in air-to-air combat, said Timothy Heath, a senior defense researcher, RAND Corporation.

But since the fighter jet has to launch under its own power, the aircraft can take off with only a fraction of the weapons and fuel it was designed to carry, reducing its range and overall combat capability, as per the experts.

Since there have been three accidents involving J-15 fighters in their first half-decade of service, analysts have termed it as proof that China was far from capable of becoming a major carrier power for the foreseeable future.

Some analysts, however, believe that the Chinese jet could well emerge as one of the world’s foremost carrier-based fighters in the near future if it is deployed from more modern carriers currently under construction.

It is pertinent to note that J-15’s current role during its deployment aboard the aircraft carrier is also to provide the PLA Navy with its first experience operating carrier-based combat jets.

The warships such as the Type 003 under construction, fielded with electromagnetic catapult systems will allow J-15 to launch with a full fuel tank and missile payload. Their larger decks will allow launching multiple aircraft simultaneously.

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Les peuples ne meurent jamais de faim mais de honte.

L'aéronavale et ses doctrines restent un domaine très difficile à maitriser, et les chinois s'y sont lancés très tard, je ne pense pas qu'il pourrons concurrencer les américains directement avant 2030.

Ils veulent compenser ce retard par la ceinture des bases installée sur des iles de la Mer de chine, pour agir en tant que porte-avion fixe dans leurs zone d'influence ( et emmerder l'inde par la meme occasion) .

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“Ira furor brevis est, animum rege, qui nisi paret imperat."

https://www.defenseworld.net/news/28911/China_Tests_Ballistic_Missile_System_Capable_of_Hitting_Targets_Outside_of_Earth___s_Atmosphere#.YB1dCS27hsM a écrit:

La Chine test un nouveau missile balistique

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Le courage croît en osant et la peur en hésitant.

https://www.defenseworld.net/news/28915/China_Replacing_Russian_Mi_17_Helicopters_with_Indigenous_Z_20_Choppers#.YB7nlS27hsM a écrit:

La Chine remplace les mi-17 par des Z-20 de facture locale, par ailleurs la Chine pourrait avoir acquis des Mi-171Sh

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Le courage croît en osant et la peur en hésitant.

Bruce Wayne a écrit:: La Chine remplace les mi-17 par des Z-20 de facture locale, par ailleurs la Chine pourrait avoir acquis des Mi-171Sh

exactement elle a acheter 52 mi-17 sh qui par ailleurs ne joue pas dans la meme catégorie que la copie du black hawk z-20

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Le vrai soldat ne se bat pas parce qu'il déteste ce qui est devant lui, mais parce qu'il aime ce qui est derrière lui...

J'ai tout compris! Armée Chinoise / People's Liberation Army (PLA) - Page 39 11

Steve Sacks. Intelligence Officer - US Marine Corps a écrit:: China’s Military Has a Hidden Weakness

High-tech new weapons are useful, but current military reform shortfalls hinder the PLA’s ability to employ such hardware.

On March 3, Ryan Haas published an article in Foreign Affairs cautioning analysts and policymakers against adopting an exclusively alarmist attitude toward China. Such an alarmist attitude leads to increased anxiety among analysts and policymakers but is not based on the totality of the evidence. Haas speaks directly to how successful authoritarian regimes project strength while concealing weakness by controlling information leaving their borders. He argues that “policymakers in Washington must be able to distinguish between the image Beijing presents and the realities it confronts.”

By developing a clear and comprehensive picture of both Chinese strengths and weaknesses policymakers can better inform decision-makers on key competition questions. Analyses that focus exclusively on the projected images of strength are only incorporating half of the evidence. To avoid creating the anxiety Haas describes, analysts and policymakers must ensure that assessments of Chinese military power are equally informed by its projected strengths and current shortfalls. In this piece I will highlight imbalances that exist across current analyses of China’s military and provide complementary evaluations of existing weaknesses that analysts should incorporate into military power assessments.

The Two Halves of Assessing PLA Military Power and Advancements

Alarmist analysis that lacks balance between the People’s Liberation Army’s (PLA) strengths and weaknesses is exemplified in the U.S. Indo-Pacific Command (INDOPACOM) commander’s March 2021 testimony in front of the Senate Armed Services Committee regarding how his command plans to keep pace with Chinese technological modernization. This includes focusing on U.S. technology advances that increase joint force lethality, as well as the expansion of long-range precision fire capabilities. As evidence of the rising PLA threat, Admiral Philip Davidson highlighted in his written testimony the commissioning of new and advanced air and naval platforms such as China’s “first aerial-refuelable bomber, the H-6N” and “the LUYANG III MOD guided-missile destroyer [which] provides the PLA Navy greater maneuverability and flexibility.” He continued his assessment of the growing PLA threat, emphasizing its “pursuing [of] a range of advanced weaponry, including electromagnetic railguns, hypersonic glide vehicles, and land-attack and anti-ship supersonic cruise missiles.”

New missiles and advanced platforms represent only a small part of the PLA’s endeavor to achieve parity with its adversaries. I categorize this technological advancement as “military modernization,” defined by the development of exquisite weapon systems and improvements of warfare materiel to meet military requirements. There is, however, a second bin of advancements I label as “military reform,” which is defined less by hardware and more by institutional evolutions such as a restructuring of PLA hierarchy and a reprioritization of realistic training in integrated joint operations. While the military modernization bin represents the PLA’s image of strength and tends to garner the majority of attention in press reports, the military reform bin receives less fanfare but highlights current PLA weaknesses. High-tech new weapons are useful for enabling a military’s lethality, but current military reform shortfalls hinder the PLA’s ability to employ such hardware to achieve China’s strategic political goals. To best provide a balanced analysis of the PLA’s strengths and weaknesses, analysts and policymakers should focus on assessing not only military modernization strengths, but also military reform weaknesses.

The Current Focus on PLA Military Modernization

The most recent example of PLA modernization and reform stems from a series of endeavors enacted by chairman of the Central Military Commission, Xi Jinping, targeting what he termed the “Five Incapables.” These incapables highlight current PLA weaknesses that would prevent it from achieving military modernization by 2035 and becoming a world class military by 2049. A key component of these efforts is the development and deployment of combat credible weapons systems capable of holding key adversary assets at risk, and enabling the PLA to expand their areas of influence outside of mainland China.

Military modernization looks to arm the PLA with weapon systems required to effectively execute the Chinese strategy of “active defense” of core national interests. These efforts include new intermediate range ballistic missiles capable of reaching U.S. bases on Guam, as well as new space capabilities that enhance PLA intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance over longer distances. Military modernization also seeks to build a PLA capable of conducting global military activities that project Chinese power to protect its foreign interests and citizens residing overseas. As Chinese scholars view growing international economic clout as a key enabler of national power, the ability to defend those international interests has become a critical task to the PLA.

But Military Reform Is the Other Half of the Campaign to Transform the PLA

Even with new hardware, Xi recognized the need to execute comprehensive reforms to support a competent and capable force. In late 2015, Xi first codified his campaign of military reform, after identifying an army struggling to meet the requirements of conducting local warfare under informationized conditions. This concept of networked warfare is based on persistent surveillance and reconnaissance coupled with precision guided munitions that mitigate both collateral damage as well as the risk of inadvertent military escalation. Xi also observed a PLA critically hindered by outdated command structures and rampant corruption, failing to effectively conduct joint operations that integrated multiple service branches into one military effort. The country was split into military regions that often acted as their own fiefdoms, practicing few inter-regional joint exercises. Furthermore, these regions lacked sufficient logistical resources to sustain a major campaign. Finally, the PLA suffered from a manpower system rife with bribery, and labored to develop an educated force writ large.

It was under these conditions that Xi announced sweeping reforms meant to professionalize the PLA over the subsequent five years. These reforms were designed to bring the force closer to achieving the status of a world class military. One of the first major changes was the transition of the military regions into “theater commands” structured similarly to U.S. geographic combatant commands. In this structure, each military branch (the PLA Army, Navy, and Air Force) provides a component organization subordinate to the theater commander, thus fostering better integrated joint PLA military operations. These changes have provided the Chinese military with additional skills necessary to execute more complex missions and campaigns, such as a hypothetical amphibious landing on Taiwan.

Xi’s reforms also targeted PLA shortfalls in conducting realistic combat training under informationized conditions. The PLA lacks modern combat experience, as its most recent war occurred against Vietnam in 1979. The PLA has therefore relied on military exercises as its primary means to test and evaluate combat readiness across the force. Efforts to improve the realism in red-blue exercises include a more dynamic and unscripted adversary, as well as more complex scenarios such as night operations and the integration of multi-service concurrent objectives.

The reforms also created three new services within the PLA: the Rocket Force (PLARF) born out of the former Second Artillery Corps, which manages long range precision fires and the country’s rocket nuclear arsenal; the Strategic Support Force (SSF), which manages information operations, space operations, and cyber operations; and the Joint Logistics Support Force (JLSF), which manages the movement of materiel across the country, as well as ensuring civil military integration of logistical support to the PLA. Through these three new organizations, Beijing has centralized command of its strategic kinetic and non-kinetic arsenal. This centralization ensures both effective control and political loyalty of those forces, while addressing critical PLA weakness surrounding integrated joint operations across all warfighting functions.

However, these new organizations have had their share of growing pains since their establishment. The SSF has struggled with cohesion since it was compiled in a “bricks not clay” manner from formerly disparate organizations. The JLSF remains in the most nascent stages of developing a logistical capability supporting expeditionary operations. The PLARF has been forced to reconcile Beijing’s centralized control with a requirement to integrate into theater-commanded joint operations.

The Unfinished Mission of PLA Reform

While Xi’s 2015 military reform campaign concluded in 2020, his efforts continue to improve identified PLA shortfalls, such as cultivating quality personnel, promoting integrated joint operations, and emphasizing realistic combat training. At the Fifth Plenum of China’s 19th Party Congress in October 2020, the Chinese Communist Party established a new milestone date of 2027 for Xi’s Three-Step Development Strategy for Defense Modernization. By the new milestone, the PLA is tasked to reach military advancement targets, such the acceleration of doctrine and organizational reforms. The PLA maintained 2035 as the second milestone date by which the PLA will have incorporated mechanized (able to mobilize quickly over vast distance), informationized (operations driven by comprehensive reconnaissance and precision strike weaponry), and intelligentized (campaigns executed through combat systems enabled by artificial intelligence to compress decision loops) warfare. The final milestone of Xi’s three-step plan is 2049 when the PLA is set to attain the status of a world class military. To achieve these goals, Xi will likely continue his anti-corruption campaigns, improve talent management and retention programs, and demand complex integrated joint operations in both training and exercises.

As the PLA approaches its milestones of 2027 and 2035, it will likely feel increased pressure from CCP leadership to demonstrate progress in these areas. The PLA will also likely continue to pay close attention to U.S. military modernization, specifically in the INDOPACOM area of operations, to ensure that Beijing’s own advancement efforts and reform campaigns continue to put the PLA on the path toward parity with, and eventual superiority to, U.S. military capabilities.

Why We Can’t Forget About the Other Half of PLA Development

Xi Jinping and the Central Military Commission recognize that the introduction of advanced weaponry to a military force that is ill-trained and ill-managed will not result in a PLA that can achieve the party’s strategic objectives. However, new hardware enables Beijing to perpetuate its projected images of military strength while concealing continued shortfalls related to military reform.

U.S. defense analysts and policymakers should watch for indications of improvements across Xi’s identified critical PLA shortfall areas to generate clear and comprehensive assessments of progress within both PLA modernization and reform campaigns. Indications of continued progress can provide critical insight into party leaders’ confidence in the PLA’s ability to compete, fight, and win wars, while also highlighting areas of continued shortfall throughout the force. If military analysts and policymakers focus solely on the procurement of new hardware, longer range missiles, more capable ships, and stealthier aircraft, they risk only seeing half the picture and risk making the PLA out to be 10 feet tall.

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Les peuples ne meurent jamais de faim mais de honte.

Citation :: Le même jour, la Chine a mis en service un sous-marin nucléaire, un croiseur et un navire d’assaut amphibie

PAR LAURENT LAGNEAU · 26 AVRIL 2021

« La Chine construit en quatre ans l’équivalent de la Marine française », avait déclaré, au printemps 2018, l’amiral Christophe Prazuck, alors chef d’état-major de la Marine nationale. Et effectivement, entre 2015 et 2018, le tonnage de la composante navale de l’Armée populaire de libération [APL] avait augmenté de 350.000 tonnes…

Ce qui fait que, désormais, elle compte 333 navires, soit 37 de plus que son homologue américaine. Mais cet effort n’est pas seulement quantitatif… il est aussi qualitatif, comme en témoigne la cérémonie organisée à la base navale de Sanya [province de Hainan], le 23 avril, en présence du président Xi Jinping.

En effet, ce jour-là, la marine chinoise a mis en service trois nouveaux vaisseaux, représentant à eux trois près de 60.000 tonnes. Avec ses 35.000 à 40.000 tonnes, le plus imposant est le navire d’assaut amphibie [ou porte-hélicoptères] de type 075, baptisé « Hainan ». Lancé en septembre 2019, victime d’un incendie en avril 2020, il avait entamé ses essais en mer au cours de l’été dernier.

Les détails concernant ce navire d’assaut amphibie sont parcellaires. On suppose qu’il est en mesure d’embarquer une trentaine d’hélicoptères d’attaque WZ-19 et de manoeuvre [comme le Z-8 et le Z-20]. Il est également possible qu’il soit en mesure de mettre en oeuvre de drones de type ARC500C du constructeur Aviation Industry Corporation [AVIC]. Pouvant voler à la vitesse de 170 km/h et disposant d’une autonomie de 5 heures, ces appareils sont conçus pour effectuer, en fonction de leur charge utile, des missions de reconnaissance, de guerre électronique, de transport ou encore de frappe.

Le « Hainan » sera bientôt rejoint par deux autres navires du même type. L’un a entamé ses essais en mer en décembre 2020 tandis que l’autre a été lancé en janvier dernier. Au total, huit doivent être construits.

Le second bâtiment admis au sein de l’APL est un croiseur de type 055. Le premier de la série, le CNS Nanchang, a été engagé pour la première fois dans le groupe aéronaval du porte-avions CNS Liaoning, au début de ce mois. Baptisé « Dalian », il s’agit du troisième navire de ce type [et le second à voir été mis en service cette année].

Pour rappel, un croiseur de type 055 affiche un déplacement de 13.000 tonnes. Il est doté de 112 112 tubes de lancement vertical [48 à l’avant et 64 à l’arrière] pouvant tirer des missiles anti-navire YJ-18A, des missiles de croisière CJ-10 ainsi que des tirer des missiles anti-aérien HHQ-9 et HHQ-16. Il est aussi muni d’un système anti-aérien de courte portée utilisant 24 missiles HHQ-10, en complément d’une tourelle H/PJ-38 de 130 mm et d’un canon automatique à 7 tubes CIWS [Close-In Weapon System] de type 1130.

Ce navire est également bien pourvu en équipements électroniques, avec radar AESA [à antenne active] multi-fonctions type 346B, d’un radar de tir AESA X-Band, de brouilleurs, de radars passifs, de lance-leurre type 726-4 et de deux sonars [un, volumineux, de proue, l’autre, à basse fréquence, remorqué]. Et pour exploiter ses capacités de détection sous-marine, il dispose de roquettes anti-sous-marins CY-5 et 6 tubes lance-torpilles de 324mm.

Selon le renseignement militaire américain, un tel croiseur illustre les « progrès technologiques de la Chine en matière de conception navale », lesquels « ont commencé à approcher, voire à dépasser dans certains cas, le niveau des marines modernes. » Et d’estimer que ce navire fait partie des « plus avancés et des plus puissants au monde. » Il est estimé que huit unités seront construites au total.

Enfin, l’APL a admis au service actif le Changzheng 18, soit son sixième sous-marin nucléaire lanceur d’engins [SNLE] de type 094 [ou Type 09-IV, classe Jin]. Les données concernant ce navire n’ont fait l’objet d’aucune publication officielle. Il est supposé que son déplacement est de 11.000 tonnes en plongée [pour une longueur de 135 m] et qu’il peut emporter jusqu’à 12 mer-sol-balistique-stratégique JL-2. A priori, 8 unités doivent entrer en dotation au total.

« Le Changzheng 18 est probablement une version améliorée du sous-marin nucléaire de type 09IV. […] Il donne à la Chine une dissuasion nucléaire encore plus crédible », a commenté Song Zhongping, un expert militaires chinois, cité par le quotidien « Global Times. »

Quoi qu’il en soit, même si cette cérémonie marquant la mise en service simultanée de trois navires sert évidemment la propagande chinoise [c’est un message « contre les sécessionnistes américains, japonais, taïwanais », a admis le Global Times, ndlr], il n’en reste pas moins qu’elle illustre les ambitions navales de Pékin.

« La stratégie navale de la Chine comporte une dimension militaire de plus en plus visible, destinée en particulier à contrôler les points de passage en eaux profondes indispensables à la navigation sous-marine […] Acquérir progressivement la maîtrise du ‘sea power’ est indispensable à l’exercice de la puissance. La Chine l’a parfaitement compris et s’y consacre », relevait ainsi Thomas Gomart [IFRI], dans son livre L’Affolement du monde: 10 enjeux géopolitiques« .

http://www.opex360.com/2021/04/26/le-meme-jour-la-chine-a-mis-en-service-un-sous-marin-nucleaire-un-croiseur-et-un-navire-dassaut-amphibie/

https://www.defenseworld.net/news/29538/Chinese_PLA_Deploys_PHL_03_Long_range_Multiple_Rocket_Artillery_in_Tibet#.YJkMJi27jEY a écrit:

La Chine a déployé ses PHL-03 au Tibet..

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Le courage croît en osant et la peur en hésitant.

https://twitter.com/imp_navigator/status/1395410762160558081?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1395410762160558081%7Ctwgr%5E%7Ctwcon%5Es1_c10&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedrive.com%2Fthe-war-zone%2F40713%2Fchina-is-testing-a-20-barrel-gatling-gun-naval-close-in-weapon-system

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Les peuples ne meurent jamais de faim mais de honte.

Global Times a écrit:: China’s most advanced lightweight tank Type 15 enters PLA Navy Marine Corps service

China's independently developed, most advanced lightweight tank, the Type 15, has been commissioned into the People's Liberation Army (PLA) Navy Marine Corps, latest reports show.

The tank, previously known to be in service with only the PLA Army and deployed for plateau missions, also excels at amphibious landing and fast reaction tasks, making it very suitable for the Marine Corps, analysts explained on Thursday.

A brigade affiliated with the PLA Navy Marine Corps received the Type 15 tank, which is characterized by a black panther logo on its turret, China Central Television (CCTV) reported on Wednesday.

The marines grasped the basic operational method of the new equipment within a month by testing it on the training ground, reading manuals and consulting the manufacturer, the report said.

Having participated in many key missions including multinational joint exercises, escort tasks in the Gulf of Aden and the Yemen rescue mission, the Marine Corps brigade is transforming its amphibious-only role to an all-terrain role, CCTV said, but did not elaborate on the tank's commissioning like the date or the number of tanks.

The Type 15 is the latest entry to the PLA's tank family, and made its first public appearance at the National Day military parade in Beijing in October 2019. Over the past year, multiple batches of Type 15s have been delivered to the PLA Army, particularly the Tibet and Xinjiang Military Commands that safeguard China's western borders with high altitudes and mountainous terrains.

Thanks to its light weight and powerful engine, the Type 15 can operate under many challenging conditions while other main battle tanks cannot. This not only includes plateau regions, but also beaches, forest, water net-intensive areas and in urban warfare, according to military experts reached by the Global Times and Type 15 tank operators who shared their experiences in media reports.

With these advantages, the Type 15 is also a good choice for the Marine Corps, as it could use the very mobile tank in amphibious landing and fast reaction missions, analysts said.

In an amphibious landing, the Type 15 can be transported to the landing zone via landing ships, as the tank can provide strong fire support and cover for the infantry. After gaining ground on the shore, a tank like Type 15 can work better than an amphibious tank when charging into deeper areas due to its higher mobility, Wei Dongxu, a Beijing-based military expert, told the Global Times.

It is also possible for transport aircraft to airlift the tank to the frontline for fast reaction missions, Wei said.

A Y-20 large transport aircraft of the PLA Air Force can carry two Type 15 tanks for long-range transport operations, CCTV revealed in a separate report in August 2020.

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Les peuples ne meurent jamais de faim mais de honte.

Citation :: Norinco's PCL-181 SPH in service with PLAGF's 71st Group Army

by Mark Cazalet & Gabriel Dominguez

Chinese state-owned media revealed on 6 June that an artillery brigade under the People's Liberation Army Ground Force's (PLAGF's) 71st Group Army has been equipped with the China North Industries Group Corporation (Norinco) 155 mm PCL-181 wheeled self-propelled howitzer (SPH).

Footage released by broadcaster China Central Television (CCTV) showed several examples of the SPH being used during indirect live-fire drills at an undisclosed location near the coastline. CCTV noted that is the first time the unit has conducted such a long-range indirect-fire exercise.

A screengrab from footage released by CCTV on 6 June showing an artillery brigade under the PLAGF's 71st
Group Army using several PCL-181 SPHs in a live-fire drill at an undisclosed coastal area in China. (CCTV)

During the exercise the SPHs were set up behind a dam, and what appeared to be an ASN 209 Silver Eagle unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) was launched for reconnaissance of the target area, which was reported to be on a hilly island off the coast.

The UAV fed targeting data to the central command post and the SPH battery carried out a number of fire missions against the target area over a 10-hour period in which they faced fog, rain, and night conditions.

The Global Times newspaper reported that during the first volley in the daytime, under fog and rain conditions, the artillery missed its targets. However, following adjustments the target area was successfully struck by the second volley. The drills eventually extended into night, and the troops carried out firing in dim light conditions. During this exercise the UAV is likely to have been a continuous presence above the target areas, feeding back information on targeting accuracy to the battery.

https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/norincos-pcl-181-sph-in-service-with-plagfs-71st-group-army

Global Times a écrit:: PLA deploys AI in mock warplane battles, 'trains both pilots and AIs'

A J-16 fighter jet attached to an aviation brigade of the air force under the PLA Western Theater Command gets ready to take off from the runway during an aerial combat training exercise under complex electromagnetic conditions in early April, 2021

The Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) Air Force has started to deploy artificial intelligence (AI) as simulated opponents in pilots' aerial combat training so pilots can not only hone their decision-making and combat skills against fast-calculating computers, but the AIs can also learn from each engagement, and have already bested their human opponents on many occasions, according to a new report.

In addition to training pilots efficiently, AIs are expected to be an integral part of China's future warplanes that would assist pilots with their combat decisions, observers said on Monday.

An aviation brigade affiliated with the PLA Central Theater Command Air Force held a training simulation in early summer, in which Fang Guoyu, a group leader of the brigade and the champion in a previous confrontational combat exercise, was shot down in a mock aerial battle against an AI aircraft in a simulator, the PLA Daily reported on Saturday.

This is not the first time the renowned Fang was shot down by the AI, and Fang is not the only ace the AI has defeated over the past years, the report said.

"The AI has shown adept flight control skills and errorless tactical decisions, making it a valuable opponent to hone our capabilities," Du Jianfeng, commander of the brigade, was quoted as saying. The brigade has been integrating simulated and AI-assisted training in daily training in recent years, he said.

Simulated training can boost training efficiency, save costs and lower flight risks, and with the rapid development of technology, it has become a common goal for major military powers around the world to take advantage of training simulations, the PLA Daily said.

The AI technology-based autonomic aerial combat simulator was jointly developed by the brigade and research institutes, and has become a solid support in boosting pilots' combat capabilities, Fang said.

The AI is also learning from the pilots as it gathers data from each training session. "At first, it was not difficult to win against the AI. But by studying data, each engagement became a chance for it to improve," Fang said, noting that in a combat session, Fang used a hard-thought tactics against the AI and finally beat it by a small margin, but in the next session, the AI used the same tactics against Fang to defeat him.

This forces pilots to develop more and more innovative tactics and make breakthroughs to win these simulations, the PLA Daily said.

AIs can not only help pilots improve in training, but also be integrated into warplanes and assist pilots in combat, for example, by calculating the best tactical options for pilots to choose by taking the whole battlefield situation into consideration, at a much better efficiency than a human brain under very complicated situations, a Chinese military expert told the Global Times on Monday, requesting anonymity.

This is also the concept raised by Yang Wei, chief designer of China's J-20 stealth fighter jet. Yang said in a paper in 2020 that the next generation fighter jet could feature AI, which is a key field to help pilots process vast information and make decisions in complicated battlefield environments.

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Les peuples ne meurent jamais de faim mais de honte.

https://www.defenseworld.net/news/29854/China___s_Type_15_Light_Tank_Gains_Versatility#.YNBdYy17SYU a écrit:

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Le courage croît en osant et la peur en hésitant.

https://twitter.com/duandang/status/1406486934042537986?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1406486934042537986%7Ctwgr%5E%7Ctwcon%5Es1_c10&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Feurasiantimes.com%2Fwatch-china-says-its-su-30-fighter-jets-chased-away-us-spy-planes-from-the-south-china-sea%2F

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Les peuples ne meurent jamais de faim mais de honte.

Naval News a écrit:: Image May Reveal A New Type Of Submarine For The Chinese Navy

China has a massive submarine building program. Yet new classes of submarine may only be revealed after they have been built. Right now Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) may give us our first glimpse of a completely new type.

Taken from a moving vehicle, the new submarine can be seen through the railings. The design appears to have a new sail (A), possibly a redesigned upper rudder (B) and generally cleaner outer hull (C).

New submarine may be Type-039C variant of the Yuan-class for the PLAN

A candid photograph of a brand new submarine has surfaced on Chinese social media. We have not been able to corroborate the image with other public sources, so caution is needed. But it appears to show a completely new variant of the Yuan Class family. If so, it is likely to receive the Type-039C moniker among Western defense observers.

The Yuans form the backbone of the Chinese conventional submarine fleet. They are the most modern and powerful of China’s non-nuclear submarines and are believed to be equipped with Air Independent Power (AIP). Their AIP uses closed-circuit Stirling engines to power the electric motors while submerged. This conserves the batteries and means that the submarine can remain underwater for much longer, which in turn makes it more stealthy.

The submarine has a red tarpaulin over the bow. This is not unusual for newly built submarines and can show the country’s flag. It can also be used to hide the potentially sensitive sonar dome from the cameras during launch.

Compared to the existing Yuan class boats, the new submarine has a radically redesigned sail. There are also a number of more subtle changes. The sail, which is partly obscured by the bridge, appears to have a chine running along the upper part, somewhat like the Swedish A-26 Blekinge class. It is also possible that the shadow is part of a scaffolding around the sail, but this seems less likely.

The submarine does not appear to be appreciably longer than the existing boats. This suggests that a vertical launch system for cruise missiles has not been added. However the new boat appears generally cleaner and more modern than existing Yuans, at least on the outside.
I also suspect that China may have been experimenting with new propulsion technologies such as lithium batteries. So a new variant may incorporate some significantly improvements over existing ones.

An Interesting Location

The image was posted on Weibo on May 7 but only got wider attention more recently. It is geo-tagged to a bridge in Wuhan City, which has been conformed by geo-locating the background. The state of construction of some buildings also matches recent satellite imagery. This confirms that the image is relatively recent. And it places the submarine at the Wuchang Shipyard in down town Wuhan.

This shipyard was formally a major part of China’s submarine building program, but production has shifted to a new larger site out of town. We previously reported that submarine construction, of Yuan class boats, had started at the new location.

So it seems odd that a new submarine has been rolled out at the old site. However there have been signs of construction work continuing at the old site, albeit at a much lower rate. Satellite imagery from February clearly shows fresh hull sections of a submarine. These match the Yuan class in general terms, with double-hull construction and three deck levels. And the hull diameter appears correct. They may not be actual production modules, but they confirm a level of activity.

We can speculate that while the new shipyard is the main construction site, first-in-class boats may still be built at the old yard. Additionally, overseas visitors from the Royal Thai Navy, Pakistan Navy and other countries will be present at the new site because it is used for exports. So China may prefer to have the more sensitive models built at a more restricted location.

The Yuan class and its derivatives are proving successful on the export market. The current customers are Thailand and Pakistan. We should be open minded that this may be an export type also. However, on balance I think that it is more likely the next Chinese service variant.
Overall it is too soon to draw major conclusions from this photograph. Analysts will no-doubt be attempting to corroborate it from other sources. However, this may be the first glimpse of the latest and most potent variant of China’s non-nuclear submarines.

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Les peuples ne meurent jamais de faim mais de honte.

https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2021/06/new-mystery-submarine-seen-in-china-what-we-know/

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Le courage croît en osant et la peur en hésitant.

https://twitter.com/NationalDefense/status/1408492689876717572?s=20

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Les peuples ne meurent jamais de faim mais de honte.

https://twitter.com/james_acton32/status/1410324014883651592?s=20

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Les peuples ne meurent jamais de faim mais de honte.

Armée Chinoise / People's Liberation Army (PLA)

China’s Military Has a Hidden WeaknessHigh-tech new weapons are useful, but current military reform shortfalls hinder the PLA’s ability to employ such hardware.

China’s most advanced lightweight tank Type 15 enters PLA Navy Marine Corps service

PLA deploys AI in mock warplane battles, 'trains both pilots and AIs'

Image May Reveal A New Type Of Submarine For The Chinese NavyChina has a massive submarine building program. Yet new classes of submarine may only be revealed after they have been built. Right now Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) may give us our first glimpse of a completely new type.

China’s Military Has a Hidden Weakness

High-tech new weapons are useful, but current military reform shortfalls hinder the PLA’s ability to employ such hardware.

Image May Reveal A New Type Of Submarine For The Chinese Navy

China has a massive submarine building program. Yet new classes of submarine may only be revealed after they have been built. Right now Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) may give us our first glimpse of a completely new type.